Retention of the foreskin on the glans of the penis. Some research suggests that genital sensation during sexual activity may differ in some ways been circumcised and uncircumcised men. (see circumcision)

A condition in which a male baby is born with one or both of the testes still inside the body. In most cases, the testes drop into the scrotum within the first year of life; however, in some cases, surgery may be necessary. Men with a history of an undescended testicle may have an increased risk of testicular cancer.

A tube that leads from the bladder to the outside of the body to expel urine. In men, the urethra opens at the tip of the penis and is the same tube that is used to expel semen during ejaculation; however, when erect, a man's bladder valve closes off the passageway between the bladder and the urethra, which prevents him from urinating during the process of ejaculating. In women, the urethra opens into the vulva, below the clitoris and above the introitus.

See UTI

A doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders affecting the urinary tract of men and women, and the reproductive systems of men. Urologists may assist with issues related to infertility; prostate cancer; problems associated with ejaculation; and erectile dysfunction.

Cancer caused by an uncontrolled growth of cells in the uterus. Treatment options may include removal of the uterus with a hysterectomy. If an oophorectomy is performed, it causes surgical menopause and infertility. Pregnancy and use of the birth control pill are associated with a decreased risk of developing uterine cancer.

Benign tumors in the uterus. Symptoms may include: heavy periods; dysmenorrhea; spotting; a feeling of fullness in the lower abdomen; lower back pain; and pain during vaginal intercourse. Treatment is not always necessary, but may include medication or removal of the fibroids. Uterine fibroids are associated with an increased risk of infertility and miscarriage. Uterine fibroids do not increase a woman's risk of uterine cancer.

A hollow, pear-shaped organ that is part of the female reproductive anatomy. The uterus is connected to the vagina by the cervix. If conception occurs, an embryo implants itself in the walls of the uterus, which grows substantially in size over the course of pregnancy. If conception does not occur, the lining of the uterus, the endometrium, sheds itself in a monthly period.

(short for urinary tract infection) An infection that affects any part of the urinary tract, such as the kidneys, bladder or urethra. Women are more likely to get UTIs than men. Symptoms of a UTI may include one or more of the following: a frequent urge to urinate, often with little or no urine; pain or burning during urination; cloudy or bloody urine; genital burning; lower back pain; and pain during vaginal intercourse. UTIs are diagnosed by a doctor or healthcare provider and may be treated with antibiotics.